孩子开销大怎么办？

At 10, Grace Morgan is a young fashionista and takes pains to dress in the latest styles. But her mom, Amy, works part-time and her husband was recently laid off, leaving little room in the family budget for designer-brand clothes. 

10岁的格雷斯•摩根(Grace Morgan)是一位年少的时尚追随者，极力追赶最新的服饰风尚。但她妈妈艾米(Amy)却找不到全职工作，她爸爸不久前还被解雇了，她家因此基本负担不起供格雷斯购买设计师品牌服装的开销。

So Grace didn't ask her mom to open her wallet this fall to buy clothes. Instead, she sold a stack of her own old jeans and shirts at a rummage sale and paired the proceeds with discount coupons to get the stylish jeggings and tops she wanted for school, says her mother, of Lake in the Hills, Ill. Grace is learning 'we have to make choices with our money,' she says.

Clayton Hauck for The Wall Street Journal格雷斯只能选择相对便宜的服装。因此，格雷斯今年秋季没有要妈妈掏钱给她买衣服。她母亲艾米说，格雷斯转而选择在一次清仓拍卖会上出售了一批自己穿过的旧牛仔裤和衬衫，用出售所得再加上一些购物优惠券购买了她想穿到学校去的时尚的牛仔打底裤和上衣。艾米说，格雷斯正在学会“不得不用自己的钱做选择”。

The cost of raising kids is continuing to rise. A middle-income family can expect to shell out nearly a quarter of a million dollars, or $222,360, to raise a baby born in 2009 to age 18, according to the Department of Agriculture. That is up about 1.4% from 2007, before the recession began -- and it doesn't include college costs.

养育孩子的成本在继续增长。据美国农业部(Department of Agriculture)说，一个中等收入家庭要把一名2009年出生的孩子养到18岁，需要支出222,360美元。这较本次经济衰退开始前的2007年增加了1.4%，而且这其中还未包括上大学的费用。

Now, amid tight household budgets and a growing belief that today's youth will face a lasting drop in their standard of living, many parents are working to reshape children's expectations. 

现在，鉴于美国人都在纷纷紧缩家庭预算，以及人们越来越相信当今的年青人将面临生活水平持久性下降的局面，许多父母正在着手重塑孩子的预期。

Ms. Morgan is teaching Grace and her brother Noah, 13, to resist consumer pressures. 'We very openly heckle' such shows as 'My Super Sweet 16' on MTV, ridiculing such excesses as when a teen receives a Mercedes or opulent vacations, she says. Both children have learned to enjoy inexpensive family camping vacations, and they sell items on eBay to raise cash for purchases. 'The joke around our house is, if it's not nailed down, they will sell it,' Ms. Morgan says.

艾米正在教格雷斯和她13岁的哥哥诺亚(Noah)抵御消费压力。艾米说，我们非常公开地质疑MTV上诸如《我的16岁花季》(My Super Sweet 16' on MTV)等节目，当节目中出现一名十几岁孩子得到一辆奔驰汽车或外出豪华度假的机会时，我们会奚落这份过分的慷慨；我家的两个孩子都学会了享受惠而不费的全家外出露营度假，他们会通过在eBay网上出售物品来筹钱买自己想要的东西。艾米说，她们全家津津乐道的玩笑是，如果家里哪样东西没有用钉子固定住，孩子们就可以把它卖掉。

In the past, money talk was taboo in many families, and many parents sheltered children from financial realities. Parents 'want everything to be just great for our families. It's hard sometimes' to set limits, says Gina Maione Earles, chief executive of Mothers & More, a 4,100-member networking group, where teaching kids money skills is a popular topic at meetings.

以往，有关金钱的话题是美国许多家庭的禁忌，许多父母会刻意避免让孩子面对财务现实。Mothers & More是一个有4,100名会员的社交团体，如何教孩子理财是其聚会上的热门话题。该机构的首席执行长厄尔斯(Gina Maione Earles)说，父母们希望家里一切顺心如意，有时很难给孩子设置限制。

But fewer families can afford to indulge their kids; 24% of parents made back-to-school shopping budgets with their kids this year, up from 18% in 2006, says a Capital One survey of 500 households.

但有财力放纵自己孩子的家庭正在减少；金融机构Capital One针对500个美国家庭进行的一项调查显示，今年有24%的父母是与孩子一起编制返校购物预算的，这一比例高于2006年时的18%。